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Why a Head Gasket Fails and What to Do About It

August 28, 2023 by Denver Express Car Care

You don’t have to understand car mechanics to know that a blown head gasket is bad news. When a head gasket fails, it impacts the entire engine. 

Luckily, it isn’t a common problem. What’s more, it’s an issue you don’t have to face. In general, head gaskets are robust parts that usually last 100,000 miles or more. This is where regular maintenance comes into play. If you partner with a mechanic who performs routine maintenance, you’ll be alerted to issues before they begin. It allows you to fix and replace parts before they add into the mix. 

With that in mind, let’s dive in and learn more about what head gaskets do. 

What is a head gasket 

A head gasket is a critical component in an internal combustion engine, sealing the cylinder head and engine block together. It plays a vital role in maintaining proper compression and preventing coolant or engine oil leaks into the combustion chamber. This thin yet robust gasket separates different fluids and gasses flowing through the engine, contributing to its overall efficiency.

How a head gasket works

The head gasket is positioned between the engine block and the cylinder head, sealing the combustion chamber. When the engine runs, the head gasket is subjected to tremendous heat and pressure as it experiences the force of each piston’s compression stroke. This compression creates a tight seal between the engine components, allowing them to work harmoniously.

Why a Head Gasket Fails and What to Do About It

What happens when a head gasket fails

Unfortunately, head gasket failures are common, and when they occur, they can lead to severe consequences for your engine. 

When the head gasket fails, the seal between the engine block and cylinder head is compromised, resulting in leaks. This allows mixing of vital fluids. Once this happens, it can cause a drop in engine performance and, if left unaddressed, lead to catastrophic engine damage.

What causes a head gasket failure

Several factors can contribute to the failure of a head gasket. Let’s explore some of the common causes:

Pre-ignition

Pre-ignition occurs when the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber ignites prematurely, creating an intense spike in pressure. This sudden pressure can stress the head gasket excessively, causing it to fail over time.

Overheating 

Excessive engine temperatures can cause the head gasket to warp or crack, leading to leaks. Overheating is often a result of coolant system issues, such as a faulty thermostat, water pump, or coolant leak.

Pushing the engine to its limits

If you consistently push your engine to its maximum performance levels, it can put additional strain on the head gasket, eventually causing it to fail. When first starting out in the morning, give your car a chance to warm up before revving the engine. 

Think defensive driving rather than offensive. You’re not on a race track; your car is simply trying to get you from one place to another. Your car will thank you when you learn to take it easy. 

Poor gasket design

Head gasket failures can sometimes be attributed to inferior quality or poorly designed gaskets. Some may be crafted with cheap materials or not mesh with other internal parts. 

High-quality gaskets, installed correctly, are more likely to withstand the demands of engine operation.

How head gasket failure shows up

Detecting head gasket failure early is crucial to prevent further damage to your engine. Here are some common signs to look out for:

Loss of power

A failing head gasket can lead to a loss of engine power, making acceleration sluggish and reducing overall performance.

Overheating

If your engine is constantly overheating or frequently running hot, it may be a sign of head gasket failure, as the compromised seal leads to coolant leaks and inefficient cooling.

Oil contamination

A faulty head gasket can allow engine oil to mix with the coolant, resulting in a milky appearance in the oil or coolant reservoir.

External leaks

Leaking coolant or engine oil around the engine block and cylinder head area can indicate a head gasket issue. This is where a quick walk around your vehicle can alert you to potential problems. If you notice something, you’ll have a chance to bring it in before the situation escalates. 

White smoke

Excessive white smoke from the exhaust pipe, especially when the engine is warm, could be a sign of coolant entering the combustion chamber and burning along with fuel.

Preventing head gasket failures

While head gasket failures can be inconvenient and expensive, there are steps you can take to minimize the risk:

Regular Maintenance

Get to know your owner’s manual. Follow the manufacturer’s recommended maintenance schedule, including regular coolant system inspections and fluid changes. Proper maintenance can help identify potential issues before they escalate.

Avoid Overheating

Monitor your engine’s temperature gauge and address any overheating issues promptly. Those little dashboard icons are trying to tell you something. When they illuminate, don’t ignore them. Schedule a service appointment soon. 

Use Quality Gaskets and Parts

Invest in high-quality parts from reputable manufacturers when replacing the head gasket or any engine components. This can significantly improve the gasket’s longevity and reduce the chances of premature failure. 

Chances are you won’t be doing the work yourself, and instead will look to an experienced mechanic to do the job for you. This is where it pays to have a partner in keeping your vehicle in good repair. You’ll know they use reputable brands for the parts they install. You’ll know they stand behind their work. You’ll know the work will be completed, and you’ll be back on the road in no time. 

Don’t wait for head gasket failure

A head gasket is a small but crucial component that can make or break the health of your engine. Head gasket failure doesn’t have to happen. A simple maintenance routine is the best form of prevention. 

If you suspect a head gasket issue, don’t hesitate to consult one of our qualified mechanics for a thorough inspection and necessary repairs. Early detection and proactive maintenance are the keys to preserving your engine’s performance and longevity. 

Filed Under: Engine Tagged With: Head Gasket Fails

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